Situated in the lush hills of Munnar, Kerala, Eravikulam National Park is one of the most famous wildlife sanctuaries in India. Known for its breathtaking landscapes, rich biodiversity, and rare wildlife, the park is a must-visit destination for nature lovers, wildlife enthusiasts, and adventure seekers alike. Spread over an area of about 97 square kilometers, the park is nestled in the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site, and offers visitors an opportunity to experience the pristine beauty of Kerala’s hill stations while observing its fascinating fauna in their natural habitat.
A Look at Eravikulam National Park Munnar Kerala
Eravikulam National Park is located in the Idukki district of Kerala, near the hill station town of Munnar, which is approximately 13 kilometers away. The park is renowned for its scenic vistas, dominated by rolling grasslands, misty valleys, and steep hills that provide a perfect backdrop for wildlife photography and nature walks.
The park was initially established as a sanctuary in 1975 and later upgraded to a national park in 1981 to protect the unique biodiversity of the region. The area is known for its role in the conservation of the Nilgiri Tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius), an endangered species of wild goat that is native to the Western Ghats.
Eravikulam National Park Animals
Eravikulam National Park is home to a wide variety of flora and fauna, making it a popular destination for wildlife enthusiasts. The park’s diverse ecosystems range from lush forests to grassy meadows, and the varying altitudes create unique habitats for different species. Some of the most prominent wildlife and plant life of the park include:
1. Nilgiri Tahr (Endangered Species)
The Nilgiri Tahr is undoubtedly the star of Eravikulam National Park. This mountain goat, known for its curved horns and short coat, thrives in the park’s rocky outcrops and grasslands. The park is home to the largest population of Nilgiri Tahr, making it one of the best places in India to spot this endangered species. Conservation efforts at the park have been successful in increasing the population of these animals, which were once on the brink of extinction.
2. Wildlife Species
Apart from Nilgiri Tahr, Eravikulam is also home to a wide variety of other animals, including:
Indian Bison (Gaur): These large, powerful animals can occasionally be spotted in the park, especially in the lower, forested areas.
Indian Leopard: While elusive and rarely seen, the park is home to leopards that roam the forested regions in search of prey.
Sambar Deer: A common sight in the park, these large herbivores often graze in the open grasslands and forest clearings.
Wild Boar: The wild boars in the park are often seen foraging in the forest for roots and berries.
Muntjac (Barking Deer): These smaller deer are commonly found in the dense areas of the park, often hiding amidst the underbrush.
Malabar Giant Squirrel: Known for its colorful fur, the Malabar giant squirrel is another fascinating creature found in the park’s canopy.
Golden Jackal, Langurs, and Other Mammals: A variety of other mammals, such as jackals, langurs, and otters, also inhabit the park.
3. Birdlife
Eravikulam National Park is a haven for birdwatchers, with over 130 species of birds recorded in the area. Some of the most notable birds include:
Nilgiri Wood Pigeon: This large pigeon species, endemic to the Western Ghats, can be spotted in the high-altitude regions of the park.
Malabar Whistling Thrush: Known for its melodious call, this bird is a delight for birdwatchers.
Grey-headed Bulbul and Black-shouldered Kite: Common in the park, these birds can be seen soaring above the meadows and forested areas.
Eurasian Wigeon and Northern Shoveler: These migratory birds visit the park during the winter months, adding to the park’s bird diversity.
4. Flora and Vegetation
Eravikulam’s plant life is as diverse as its fauna. The park is home to various types of vegetation, ranging from tropical rainforests to montane grasslands. Some prominent plant species in the park include:
Shola Forests: These are high-altitude temperate forests that are home to a variety of plant species such as rhododendrons, neem, and mango trees.
Grasslands: The park’s expansive grasslands are covered with a variety of grasses and wildflowers. These open areas are often grazed by the Nilgiri Tahr and other herbivores.
Medicinal Plants: The park also has a number of medicinal plants, many of which are used by the local tribal communities for traditional healing.
Eravikulam National Park: Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Eravikulam National Park is during the months from September to April, as the weather is cool and pleasant, perfect for trekking and wildlife spotting. The summer months (March to May) can get a bit hot, though early mornings and evenings remain relatively cooler, and the wildlife is more active at these times. The monsoon season (June to August) brings heavy rainfall to the region, which makes the trekking trails slippery and increases the chances of leeches, so it is not considered the ideal time to visit.
Trekking and Activities at Eravikulam National Park Kerala
Eravikulam National Park offers a variety of activities for visitors:
1. Trekking
The park offers several trekking routes, with the most popular one leading up to the Anamudi Peak, the highest peak in South India, standing at an elevation of 2,695 meters (8,842 feet). The trek to Anamudi is a challenging and rewarding experience for nature lovers and adventure enthusiasts. The trail passes through dense forests, grasslands, and offers stunning views of the surrounding valleys and tea plantations.
2. Wildlife Safari and eravikulam national park photos
A wildlife safari is an ideal way to explore the park’s fauna, especially for those looking to spot the Nilgiri Tahr and other animals in their natural habitats. The park’s lush green forests and rolling meadows make it a photographer’s paradise. Visitors are encouraged to carry cameras with zoom lenses to capture the beauty of the animals and the landscapes.
3. Nature Walks and Bird Watching
Eravikulam National Park is also known for its bird-watching opportunities. With over 130 species of birds, the park is a perfect destination for amateur and professional birders. A guided nature walk can help visitors learn more about the local flora and fauna, and spot birds like the Nilgiri Wood Pigeon, Malabar Whistling Thrush, and others.
How to Reach Eravikulam National Park
By Road: The park is easily accessible by road from Munnar, which is around 13 kilometers away. Munnar is well-connected by road to major cities like Kochi (110 km) and Kottayam (135 km).
By Rail: The nearest railway station is Aluva, located 110 kilometers from Munnar. From there, taxis and buses can be hired to reach the park.
By Air: The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport, about 105 kilometers from Munnar. Visitors can take a taxi from the airport to reach the park.
Eravikulam National Park: Entry Fees and Timings
Entry Fee: The entry fee for the park varies for Indians and foreign nationals. As of recent reports, the fees are around INR 90 for Indian adults, INR 60 for children, and INR 350 for foreign nationals.
Timings: The park is open from 7:30 AM to 4:00 PM daily. It is closed on certain days during the monsoon for maintenance.
Conclusion
Eravikulam National Park, with its awe-inspiring landscapes, rich biodiversity, and unique wildlife, is one of the jewels of Kerala’s natural heritage. From the elusive Nilgiri Tahr to the vibrant birdlife and stunning panoramic views, the park offers something for every nature lover and adventure enthusiast. Whether you are interested in wildlife photography, trekking, or simply immersing yourself in the tranquility of the Western Ghats, Eravikulam National Park is a must-visit destination in Munnar. Its pristine beauty, diverse ecosystems, and conservation efforts make it a living testament to Kerala’s natural splendor and ecological importance.
vikram singh